This bibliography is intended to include the Dante translations published in this country in 1969, and all Dante studies and reviews published in 1969 that are in any sense American. The latter criterion is construed to include foreign reviews of American publications pertaining to Dante. The listing of reviews in general is selective, particularly in the case of studies bearing only peripherally on Dante.

Items not recorded in the bibliographies for previous years are entered as addenda to the present list.

NOTE. The citation of an individual study from a collected volume representing several authors is given in brief while the main entry of the volume is listed with full bibliographical data in its normal alphabetical order. Issues of this journal under the former title of Annual Report of the Dante Society continue to be cited in the short form of Report, with volume number.

The Divine Comedy. Translated by Thomas G. Bergin and illustrated by Leonard Baskin. New York: Grossman Publishers. 3 v. boxed. illus. 34 cm. [1969]

This deluxe edition comes with Professor Bergin's well-known translation in blank verse, originally prepared for the "Crofts Classics," and 120 full-page, black-and-white washed line drawings by the contemporary artist Leonard Baskin. The work was printed in the type-face "Dante," designed by Giovanni Mardersteig in 1953-54, at the fine printing house Stamperia Valdonega of Verona. The special paper, "Antiqua," is also of Italian manufacture, while the illustrations were reproduced by Meriden Gravure of Meriden, Connecticut. Besides the text of the translation, at the beginning of Volume I there is a translator's note, including a list of authorities cited in the notes; at the end of each volume there is a section of notes relating to the given cantica; and at the end of Volume III there are brief notes on "The Author," "The Artist," and "The Translator," and a detailed colophon.

Inferno. The Italian text with translation and notes by Allan Gilbert. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. xlvi, 373 p. 24 cm. [1969]

Italian text and prose translation on facing pages; accompanied by a Preface, pp. ix-xii; an Introduction, including sections on (1) The Nature of the Poem, xiii-xviii, (2) The Topography of the Inferno, xviii-xxviii, (3) Dante's Commedia as Comedy, xxviii-xxxiii, (4) The Tourist Dante as a Comic Figure, xxxiii-xxxviii, and (5) Allegory, xxxviii-xlvi; Notes, 297-347; Dates of Dante's Life and Times, 349-351; Outline of the Inferno, 353-356; List of Passages Noted, 357-361; Index, 363-373. Regarding the Italian text used, "The text of the Società Dantesca Italiana is here printed, with selected modifications from La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata, a cura di Giorgio Petrocchi, under the auspices of the Società."

La Vita Nuova (Poems of Youth). Translated by Barbara Reynolds. Baltimore, Maryland: Penguin Books. 123 p. 18 cm. (Penquin Classics, L 216.) [1969]

In a brief introduction (pp. 11-24) Professor Reynolds presents the Vita Nuova as "a unique demonstration of a poet's art," whose apparent incongruities resolve themselves if the work is read as "a treatise by a poet, written for poets, on the art of poetry." For her version, she has "aimed at lucidity and strictness of form." Dante's rhyme-schemes are followed in the poems. A section of "Notes on the Text," a brief "Chronology" of Dante's life, and an "Index of First Lines of Poems" complete the volume.

A Translation of the Latin Works of Dante Alighieri. New York: Greenwood Press. 428 p. 23 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1904 edition (Temple Classics; London: J. M. Dent and Sons). This standard annotated translation, based on the Moore text of Dante's works, includes the De vulgari eloquentia, De monarchia, Epistolae, Eclogues, and Quaestio de aqua et terra. The De vulgari eloquentia was rendered by A. G. Ferrers Howell; the rest, by Philip H. Wicksteed.

Excerpts from the Divine Comedy and De monarchia. In Renaissance Thought: Dante and Machiavelli, edited by Norman F. Cantor and Peter L. Klein (Waltham, Mass.: Blaisdell Publishing Company), pp. 13-108. (See below, under Studies.) [1969]

The "Selections from Dante's Works" consist of substantial passages from Inferno I-III XIX, XXVIII, XXXII-XXXIV (in the Ciardi translation); Purgatory XV-XVIII, XXXI-XXXIII (in the I. C. Wright trans.); Paradise XXX-XXXIII (in the Longfellow trans.); De monarchia, Book I, chapters 2, 4, 5, 12; Book II, chapters 1, 3, 4, 7-10, 12, and 16 (in the Aurelia Henry trans.).

[The Rime petrose.] Translated by David Keller. In Italian Quarterly, XII, Nos. 47-48 (Winter-Spring), 129-150 (pp. 138-150). [1969]

This translation of the four rime petrose (Io son venuto; Al poco giorno; Amor, tu vedi ben; and Così nel mio parlar), followed by the original Italian texts, is found at the end of Mr. Keller's article "On Translating Dante's Rime Petrose" (see below, under Studies). Striving to "be as clear as possible, both in meaning and in tone," the translator has rendered the poems in "a rough pentameter line," with a straightforward diction and syntax, and fairly loose, even "slant" or "off" rhymes.

"Sestina: Love Song (Al poco giorno e al gran cerchio d'ombra)." In Medieval Lyrics of Europe, Selected, translated, and with an introduction by Willard R. Trask (Meridian Books; New York and Cleveland: World Publishing Company), p. 123. [1969]

Prose Translation.

[Così nel mio parlar.] Translated by Peter Dronke, in his study The Medieval Lyric (New York: Harper and Row), pp. 162-163. (See below, under Studies.) [1969]

A vigorous linear rendering without rhyme.

Bainbrigge, Marion S. A Walk in Other Worlds with Dante. Port Washington, New York: Kennikat Press. xv, 255 p. illus. 20 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1914 edition (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co.). This is a general introduction to Dante written for those who think the poet may be "too deep" for them.

Baretti, Giuseppe. "In Defense of Dante." See Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Bergin, Thomas G. A Diversity of Dante. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. x, 182 p.22 cm. [1969]

Gathers together five previously published essays, here slightly revised, a commemorative sonnet "Dante," also previously published, two unpublished lectures and an introductory essay. The provenance of each piece is duly indicated. Notes and an index complete the volume. The essays are as follows: (1) "Concerning a Greek Princess, a Florentine Jokester, and the Uses of Diversity-Introductory in which Professor Bergin, by way of introducing this diverse group of essays, cites Dante's evoking of such a diversity of examples as Gianni Schicchi and Myrrha in the same canto (Inf. XXX, 1-42) as well as other such examples within the harmonizing context of the poet's total vision; (2) "Dante's Comedy--Letter and Spirit"; (3) "Citizen Dante which stresses that, however committed to the transcendent value of the eternal and salvation of the soul, Dante was still vitally concerned ''about our human destiny, our practical problems of community living, our political welfare, in a word, the here and now," as illustrated by his own life of social and political commitment and by his literary works, which are patently didactic in purpose; (4) "Hell: Topography and Demography"; (5) "The Women of the Comedy"; (6) "Dante's Provencal Gallery"; (7) "Paradiso IX" and (8) "Light from Mars," which is a reading of the Cacciaguida episode (Par. XVI-XVIII) considered as a final, cardinal episode re-iterating and epitomizing much of the poetic journey and providing the pilgrim Dante with the clearest illumination concerning the missionary aspect of the poem. Items 2 and 4-7 have been previously noticed in this bibliography between 1960 and 1965 (see 78th Report, 27; 83rd Report, 56, under Musa; and Dante Studies, LXXXIV, 77, three items).

Bernardo, Aldo S. "Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio." See Corrigan Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Brieger, Peter, Millard Meiss, and Charles S. Singleton. Illuminated Manuscripts of the Divine Comedy. Bollingen Series LXXXI. [Princeton, New Jersey:] Princeton University Press. 2 v. illus. 31 cm. [1969]

Only a dim idea of this comprehensive view of codices of the Commedia can be suggested here by citing the complete contents--Vol. I: Foreword, explaining how the work came about; List of Illustrations; Key to the Manuscripts; Prefaces [by the collaborators]; "The Irreducible Vision," by Charles S. Singleton, which is a critical essay on the nature of Dante's imagery, relating his poetic representation to the visual arts; "The Smiling Pages," by Millard Meiss, on the variety of styles in late medieval illuminations; "Pictorial Commentaries to the Commedia," by Peter Brieger, an historical essay on the development of Dante iconography; "Analysis of the illustrations by Canto," also by Peter Brieger; Catalogue, a descriptive listing of all the important illustrated manuscripts of the Commedia, with the subject matter done by Peter Brieger and the styles and dates by Millard Meiss; a section of Comparative Illustrations (comprising 130 figures); General Bibliography; Iconographic Index; and General Index.--Vol. II: List of Illustrations by Manuscripts; Key to the Manuscripts; The Plates (including hundreds of reproductions of illustrated opening pages to the three cantiche, of the topography of hell and structural diagrams, and canto-by-canto illustrations; Color Plates (numbering 16, with 41 selected separate items); and a highly useful Iconographic Index. The total of some eleven hundred miniatures reproduced in black-and-white or in color should delight and stimulate both Dante scholars and art historians (A review of this work may be seen above.)

Buxton, Charles Roden. Prophets of Heaven and Hell: Virgil, Dante, Milton, Goethe. An Introductory Essay. New York: Russell and Russell. XV, 114 p. 2: cm . Reprint of the 1945 edition (Cambridge [England]: At the University Press), which was previously reprinted in 1966 (New York: Haskell House). (See Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 180.) [1969]

Cambon, Glauco. Dante's Craft: Studies in Language and Style. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. IX, 215 p.21.5 cm. [1969]

Gathers together in this "loosely-knit" collection nine essays, slightly revised, which were originally published between 1956 and 1969--six on Dante's language and style and three on his later influence on the 18th-century philosopher Vico, on many American writers from Poe and Melville to Pound and Eliot, and on the contemporary poet Eugenio Montale. Focusing his interest on Dante's "use of his background, rather than his conditioning by it," Professor Cambon is concerned with the immediacy, the concrete, individualized reality of Dante's poetry. He finds that precisely because he is so "anachronistic" in combining profound thought with poetic utterance as well as medieval and Ptolemaic, Dante is so timely and therefore ever relevant to the poets of today, for whom he provides archetypal examples in his approach to poetry and language. A revolutionary in coping with his own cultural situation, Dante became the father of his language and subsequent sponsor of all European vernaculars. Prefaced by a general introduction on "Dante's Prophetic Vision," the essays, whose provenance is duly indicated, are arranged in two groups: Part One. The Example--(1) Dante's Convivio: The Dialectic of Value; (2) Dante and the Drama of Language; (3) Francesca and the Tactics of Language; (4) Dante's Noble Sinners: Abstract Examples or Living Characters? (5) Patterns of Movement in the Divine Comedy; (6) Purgatorio, Canto V: The Modulations of Solicitude; and Part Two. The Legacy--(7) Dante's Presence in American Literature; (8) Vico and Dante; and (9) Eugenio Montale's Dantesque Style. With notes and index. The essays in their original form, or in English translation, have been noticed in this bibliography from the 77th Report (1959) to the present Dante Studies (see the following item).

Cambon, Glauco. "Vico and Dante." In Giambattista Vico: An International Symposium, edited by Giorgio Tagliacozzo . . . (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press), pp. 15-28. [1969]

Contends that, besides the pioneering modem attitude expressed by Vico towards Dante's masterpiece at a time when the Florentine poet's critical fortunes were very low, there are many parallels discernible between these two great figures. While some connections have occurred explicitly or implicitly in critics from Foscolo, De Sanctis, and Coleridge in the 19th century to Spoerri and Fubini more recently, Professor Cambon suggests further philosophical and theoretical connections between them, for example, with regard to their notions of a providential pattern in human history, their very temperament, personality, and imagination, their intellectual development and its reflection in the pattern of their respective works, their pursuit, each in his own way, of universal truth, their ideas about certain myths and their views on language.

Cantor, Norman F., and Peter L. Klein, editors, Renaissance Thought: Dante and Machiavelli. Waltham, Massachusetts: Blaisdell Publishing Company. viii, 227 p. front., port. 22.5 cm. (Monuments of Western Thought, 3.) [1969]

In addition to the "Selections from Dante's Works" (see above, under Translations), there is a section of "Modern Commentary on Dante" with critical selections from Gilson, Mazzeo, and Santayana. A brief introduction on "The Historical Context," "An Introduction to the Life and Work of Dante and Machiavelli," and study questions based on the various selection are included in the volume.

Carlyle, Thomas. "The Hero as Poet: Dante. See Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Ceccarelli, Romolo Joseph. "Dante's Two Goals." In Dissertation Abstracts XXIX (1968-1969), 1509A-1510A. [1969]

Considers Dante's ethical position on man's two ends or happinesses as a presupposition of his political treatise on Monarchy and elucidates the separatism of temporal and celestial authorities especially from St. Augustine's theory of the two cities and Aristotle's ethical doctrine. The author cautions against misreading the De Monarchia to bring it in line with the Commedia, where the dual goal as an ethical doctrine is denied. (Doctoral dissertation, The Johns Hopkins University, 1968.)

Church, Richard William. Dante and Other Essays. Port Washington N. Y.: Kennikat Press. 260 p. 19 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1888 edition (London: Macmillan), containing the initial essay on "Dante" (pp. 1-191), with a general account and appreciation of the poet and his masterpiece in their historical context, along with an essay on Wordsworth and an essay on Browning's Sordello (pp. 221-260), including a discussion of Dante's view and treatment of the figure of Sordello. Church's "Dante" was originally published in the Christian Remembrancer of January, 1850, and reprinted in his volume of Essays and Reviews in 1854, and again together with a translation of the De Monarchia by F. J. Church, in 1879.

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor. "From the Lectures" [Excerpts on Dante]. See Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Contini, Gianfranco. "Philology and Dante Exegesis." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 1-32. [1969]

Discusses various approaches to the Commedia, from surrendering to the poet's song and reading his verses for immediate enjoyment to focusing exclusively upon the cultural allusions, and pleads for a combination of approaches (which can reinforce one another synergistically), but more specifically he stresses the importance of "reading (or explaining) Dante with Dante." This focus on the poet's own words lies at the heart of what Professor Contini prefers to call "verbal criticism," which subsumes many variations of approach but takes the literal text as its primal basis. He goes on to an exemplification of variants on the general method by taking up a number of much debated passages in the Commedia, such as the construction of mezzo in the opening verses; the formal function of stelle at the end of each cantica; the crux of imputed cannibalism in the Ugolino episode; the use and exact meaning of perso and sanguigno in the Francesca episode; echoes from the vernacular lyric, including comic-realistic poetry as well as the dolce stil novo, which enrich the texture of the Commedia; the construction of a passage in the Farinata-Cavalcante episode; examples of zeugma in Dante's verse; and a number of other terms requiring clarification in Dante's poem. Professor Contini indicates that while philology is not entirely devoid of system in its multiform approach to a given text, it is not reducible to a formula and it certainly does not always lend itself to deliberate planning, particularly where a poet like Dante is concerned, whose prodigiously rich memory serves to generate complicated systems of polysemy and semantic suggestiveness and interplay. Referring to the vast bibliography of Dante scholarship, he acknowledges that previous contributions are always to some degree useful and almost never entirely worthless, and in sheer number and variety testify to the inexhaustible fertility of Dante's great artifact. In any case, the focus of the verbal critic or philologist must ever be the literal text of the poem.

Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859: A Collection of Critical Essays. Edited and with an Introduction by Beatrice Corrigan. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. viii, 327 p. 21 cm. (Patterns of Literary Criticism, 7.) [1969]

Professor Corrigan's introduction (pp. 1-31) presents some historical orientation with respect to the changing fortunes of the three major trecentisti and to the writers included in this anthology which "represents the first century of English critical interest in Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio." The pieces of primarily Dantean interest are as follows: Giuseppe Baretti, "In Defense of Dante," pp. 32-41; Thomas Wharton, "Dante's Italian Poem," pp. 42-55; Samuel Taylor Coleridge, "From the Lectures," pp. 65-77; Thomas Babington Macaulay, "Criticisms on the Principal Italian Writers," pp. 116-146 (No. I: Dante, 116-132); Thomas Carlyle, The Hero as Poet: Dante," pp. 188-207; Leigh Hunt, "Critical Notice of Dante's Life and Genius," pp. 208-224; John Ruskin, "Mediaeval Landscape and Dante," pp. 225-249; Charles Eliot Norton, "From 'The New Life' of Dante," pp. 250-269, (The provenance of each selection is duly indicated.) The anthology closes with an original essay by Aldo S. Bernardo, "Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio," pp. 270-317, chronicling the growing stature of the three poets and the evolving critical focus on them over the last three centuries. "Selective Bibliography" and index complete the volume. (For reviews, see below.)

Della Terza, Dante. "Tasso's Reading of Dante." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 103-125. [1969]

Examines in the Gerusalemme liberata numerous Dantean motifs, echoes metaphors, and actual phrases which Tasso accommodated in his epic through a process of assimilation of his model and skillful substitutions in the new context. Though not always producing the happiest of results, Tasso's appropriations from Dante's poetry to fill out his narration and enhance the fabric of his invention are "always dictated by an ingenuous, genuine search for new formal values, by the hope of forming out of them . . . a new and suggestive organization of the world."

Demaray, John G. "Pilgrim Text Models for Dante's Purgatorio." In Studies in Philology, LXVI (Jan.), 1-24. [1969]

Examines oral and written materials of the Holy Land pilgrimage tradition and points out many striking parallels between this body of "real" experience and Dante's Purgatorio, both in details of the mount's topography and in the pattern of Dante's and the other souls' purgatorial pilgrimage, which reflects actual pilgrimages made by palmers along the route of the Exodus past traditional "stations" that linked worldly Egypt to holy Jerusalem. The Letter to Can Grande, for example, is seen to reflect interpretations found in the 12th-century writings of Fetellus and Anonymous Pilgrim VI (Pseudo-Beda). Moreover, the merged elements of the pilgrimage tradition relating to the Terrestrial Paradise, Mt. Sinai, and the Egypt-to-Jerusalem journey, when organically united by the central allegory, produce in rough outline a visual and allegorical model for Dante's purgatorial mountain. Whether he borrowed consciously or not, Dante as heir of this tradition gave sophisticated form to those elements and synthesized the whole in accordance with his philosophical and theological views.

Demaray, John G. "The Pilgrim Texts and Dante's Three Beasts: Inferno I." In Italica, XLVI (Autumn), 233-241. [1969]

Citing pilgrimage accounts neglected by Dante commentators, the author contends that, just as medieval palmers re-enacted the Exodus while traveling towards Jerusalem through deserts infested with leopards, lions, and wolves, so Dante acts out in the After Life the same Biblical events in a similar setting. Thus, where the much debated tre fiere are concerned, "both aesthetically and in the perspective of the pilgrim tradition, the three beasts can be regarded in the literal sense as real, their physical presence in turn supporting varying symbolic values."

De Vito, Anthony J. Dramatic Suspense and Dialogue in the Inferno." In Studies in Honor of Samuel MonteFiore Waxman, edited by H. H. Golden Boston: Boston University Press), pp. 72-90. [1969]

Examines selected episodes in the Inferno to illustrate Dante's genius for exploiting dramatic situations and dialogue, in which he often appears not only as poet and protagonist but also as skillful stage manager and director. It is fortunate for us that Dante applied his dramatic genius not to the theater genre as such, but to enhancing the poetic masterpiece that has come down to us.

Donadoni, Eugenio. A History of Italian Literature. With additional materials on Twentieth-Century Literature by Ettore Mazzali and Robert J. Clements. Translated by Richard Monges. New York: New York University Press; London: University of London Press. 2 V. (685 p. cont.) 21.5 cm. (The Gotham Library.) [1969]

Contains, within the chapter on the fourteenth century, a long section on Dante and his works (pp. 28-81), with some further reference to Dante passim. The original Italian edition of Donadoni's history appeared as Breve storia della letteratura italiana dalle origini ai nostri giorni in 1923 (Milano: C. Signorelli); the work has been much reprinted, with revisions and supplementary material on contemporary literature by Francesco Flora and others.

Dronke, Peter. The Medieval Lyric. New York: Harper and Row. 266 p. 18 cm. (The Perennial Library, P152.) [1969]

Reprint of the original British edition (London: Hutchinson University Library, 1968). The volume contains a brief discussion of Dante's poetry, offering by way of example a fresh reading, with English translation (see above under Translations), of the petrosa poem Così nel mio parlar in the context of a section "From the Sicilians to Dante" (pp. 151-166) of a chapter on "Transformations of Medieval Love-Lyric." (For reviews, see below.)

Fay, Edward Allen, compiler. Concordance of the Divina Commedia. New York: Haskell House, Publishers. 2 V. (vi, 819 p.) 24 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1888 edition published by the Dante Society (Cambridge, Mass.). For another recent reprint, see Dante Studies, LXXXV, 101.

Federn, Karl. Dante and His Time. With an introduction by A. J. Butler. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press. xx, 306 p. illus., ports. 22 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1902 edition (London and New York: McClure, Phillips and Company). The work is cast under the following divisions: Part I. The Time-- with chapters on The Destruction of the Antique; The New Moral Ideal; The Political Ideal; The Combat between Church and State; The Hohenstaufen; Social Conditions; Mediaeval Knowledge; Scholasticism; The Universities; The Provencals; Italian Poetry; The Franciscans; Florence. Part II. Dante--with chapters on The Works of Dante; Dante's Youth; Beatrice; Dante and Florence; Dante in Exile; The Divine Comedy. The illustrations comprise portraits of Dante by Giotto, Andrea Orcagna, and Andrea del Castagno, the Naples bust, and the "death mask."

Ferrante, Joan M. "The Relation of Speech to Sin in the Inferno." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 33-46. [1969]

Cites some traditional ways in which God's unique gift to man, speech or its abuse, was traditionally associated with sin (cf. Scripture, St. Augustine, John of Salisbury, St. Thomas Aquinas), and examines how Dante, reflecting the linguistic philosophy expressed in his De vulgari eloquentia, makes use of direct discourse in a conscious artistic pattern in the Commedia. The failure of language as a mode of communication in Hell, the realm of those who have lost the "ben dell'intelletto," contrasts with the unification of language in Purgatory and even the creation of language in Paradise. The positive function of language to teach virtue and truth is seen particularly in the Purgatorio and Paradiso, while in the Inferno are found the negative effects, e.g., language as a harmful weapon, a means of deception, a danger when prolix, etc. Indeed the sinner's discourse is what distinguishes him and his sin.

Foster, Kenelm, O.P. "The Canto of the Damned Popes: Inferno XIX." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 47-68. [1969]

In this lectura Dantis, the author views Inferno XIX as a "fighting canto,' based on a general theory of evil and on the particular evil of a Church grown old and wicked, while at the same time Dante's Church ideal is implicitly suggested. It is in this canto that the Franciscan Spirituals' ideals and aspirations for the Church first come to the fore in the poem--in the form of an indictment of the Holy See for infidelity to the Gospel. The anticlerical canto is distinguished by the comic element of mockery and burlesque, although the poet's attack is really free of irreverence, considering the ideals set forth in the Monarchia. In fact, Mon. III, xiv, 3, calling for the Church to pattern itself on Christ's life of poverty and renunciation of worldly things, is cited as the best single gloss on the canto. Dante has here lent his voice to the great Judaeo-Christian tradition of religious anti-materialism.

Foster, Kenelm, O.P. "The Pope and Poetry." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 147-151. [1969]

Review-article on the initial volume of Annali dell'Istituto di Studi Danteschi, but focussing upon the introductory piece, viz, Pope Paul VI's apostolic letter, "Altissimi cantus," issued in commemoration of the 1965 Dante centenary, which recognizes Dante's greatness in fusing poetry and theology, in tapping the force of his poetry from the hidden Source of reality, uniting logos with poesis.

[Fucilla, Joseph G., and Remigio Pane, compilers.] "Italian Literature." [Section of the "1968 MLA International Bibliography ..."] In PMLA, LXXXIV, No. 4 (June), 956-981. [1969]

The Dante items are recorded in entries 14196-14419.

Giamatti, A. Bartlett. The Earthly Paradise and the Renaissance Epic. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. [1969]

Paperback edition of the work originally published in 1966. (See Dante studies, LXXV, 103, and LXXXVI, 156, and see below, under Reviews.)

Giustiniani, Vito R. "Dante's 'Lupa': A Problem in Translation." In Italica, XLVI, 109-119. [1969]

Contends that Dante used "lupa" in Inferno I, 49, and Purgatorio XX, 10, merely in a generic sense and so in English it should be rendered as "wolf," not "she-wolf," as has been done by most translators.

Gottfried, Leon. "Death's Other Kingdom: Dantesque and Theological Symbolism in 'Flowering Judas.'" In PMLA, LXXXIV, 112-124. [1969]

Shows that behind Katherine Anne Porter's story of self-denial and acedia, "Flowering Judas," particularly in its climactic image, there is much of T. S. Eliot and Dante. Her absorption of these two poets and much traditional theology and psychology has provided her with a store of religious imagery, which has determined, usually unconsciously and indirectly, many structural patterns in this very explicitly political story, especially the pattern of ironic inversions like sin and virtue, devil and savior, hell and heaven.

Griggs, Edward Howard. Great Leaders in Human Progress. Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press. 191 p. 3 cm. (Essay Index Reprint Series.) [1969]

Reprint of the 1939 edition (Indianapolis and New York: Bobbs-Merrill Company); originally a series of weekly radio broadcasts on the lives of great men. Includes a life sketch of Dante. There is a list of "Suggested Reading" at the end of each selection.

Harper, George McLean. Spirit of Delight. Freeport, New York: Books for Libraries Press. xi, 198 p. 22 cm. (Essay Index Reprint Series.) [1969]

Reprint of the 1928 edition (New York: Henry Holt and Company). Contains two Dantean essays: "If Dante Were Alive" (pp. 174-190), in which our 20th-century civilization riven with diversity and chaos is sharply contrasted with the political, philosophical, and generally all-encompassing ideal unity set forth by Dante, who is proposed as a worthy substitution for the waning classics as the center of education in the humanities; and "A Lesson from Dante" (pp. 191-198), in which the principle of "a free School in a free State," finds support in Dante's concept of "a free Church in a free State," and the principle of academic freedom in the pilgrim's symbolic "crowning and mitering" at the top of Purgatory.

Hollander, Robert. Allegory in Dante's "Commedia." Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press. xi, 352 p. 22 cm. [1969]

Holding to a construction of the Comedy as imitation of the fourfold Scriptural exegesis current in the thirteenth century, Professor Hollander offers the thesis that Dante's poem is programmatically linked at certain vital moments to his view of history. He contends further that Dante's use of the second sense of Biblical interpretation in the work attaches it to the continuing process of universal history. This is evidenced, for example, by the discernible presences in the poem, figurally, of Adam and Aeneas, who serve as historical counterparts of the wayfarer Dante. It follows also that for this special kind of fiction Dante read such pagan poets as Virgil and Ovid as "historians" rather than, in the common medieval manner, as "allegorists." The work consists of an introduction--The Allegorical Problem; six chapters--The Allegory of the Commedia--The Roots of Universal History--The Figural Density of Francesca, Ulysses, and Cato--The Women of Purgatorio: Dreams, Voyages, Prophecies--Dante's Voyage: History as "Shadowy Prefaces"--Other Kinds of Allegory; four appendices--The Fourteenth Century Commentators on Fourfold Allegory--God's "Visible Speech" Fear, Pity, and Firmness in Inferno-The Moral System of the Commedia and the Seven Capital Sins; and two bibliographies on "Allegory" and on "Dante as Reader." Indexed.

Howell, Alan George Ferrers. Dante, His Life and Work. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press. vii, 96 p. port. 17 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1912 edition (London and Edinburgh: T. C. and E. C. Jack). General introduction to the poet.

Hunt, Leigh. "Critical Notice of Dante's Life and Genius." See Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Kay, Richard. "The Sin of Brunetto Latini." In Mediaeval Studies, XXXI, 262-286. [1969]

Pointing out contextual inconsistencies in Inf. XV-XVI with the longstanding interpretation (based on a single ambiguous line in Inf. XI) of the intellectual Brunetto and the three Florentine statesmen (Jacopo Rusticucci, Guido Guerra, and Guglielmo Borsiere) as sodomites, especially since it is repeatedly stressed these were men of high regard, the author seeks a more satisfactory explanation in terms of a sin against nature common to clerks and politicians as such. For explaining the damnation of the principal characters of these two cantos, he finds a key in Dante's conception of the twofold role of philosophy and the Emperor in leading man to his natural beatitude on earth, as treated in the Monarchia. Rather than as sodomites, Brunetto and the three Florentines appear respectively as intellectual and political leaders who had established a political order contrary to nature, impelled as they were by a distorted desire for fame, Brunetto with his obsessive concern for the Trésor and the politicians with their Guelf partisanship in Florence rather than allegiance to the larger entity, the Empire. It remains to explain how Priscian the grammarian, d'Accorso the civilian, and Mozzi the bishop can each be interpreted as an intellectual who violated nature in the practice of his profession.

Keller, David. On Translating Dante's Rime Petrose." In Italian Quarterly, XII, Nos. 47-48 (Winter-Spring), 129-150 (pp. 129-138). [1969]

Describes briefly the general content and form of Dante's rime petrose and discusses the difficulties of translating them and his own choice of procedure for his versions presented here (see above, under Translations).

Kuhns, Levi Oscar. The Great Poets of Italy, together with a Brief Connecting Sketch of Italian Literature. Freeport, New York: Books for Libraries Press. vi, 359 p. illus., ports. (Essay Index Reprint Series.) [1969]

Reprint of the 1903 edition (Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Co.). Contains two general chapters on Dante: "Dante, His Life and Minor Works" (pp. 27-53) and "The Divine Comedy" (pp. 54-116).

Leigh, Gertrude. New Light on the Youth of Dante: The Course of Dante's Life Prior to 1290 Traced in the Inferno, Cantos 3-13. Port Washington, N. Y.: Kennikat Press. viii, 278 p. 22 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1929 edition (London: Faber and Faber). The author views Cantos III-XIII of the Inferno as allegorically reflecting the first twenty-four years of the poet's life, from conception and birth (III) to his participation in the Battle of Campaldino (XIII). Contents: Introduction; The Prelude; The Inferno as a Parable of Birth, Life, and Death; The Vestibule; Impressions of Early Childhood; Stirrings of Desire; An Episode in the Divided City; Satan and the Popes; Monastic Refuge from Civil Strife; At Bologna--Stronghold of the Jurists; The Penal Code of the Church; The Witness of Olivi; A Dialogue with the Dead; Virgil Condemns the Ecclesiastical Code of Morals; In Arms on the Guelf Side; Defeat of the Ghibelline Exiles at Campaldino. Also, a Brief Outline of the Remainder of the Journey, a list of Principal Works Used or Cited on the Life and Works of Dante, and Index.

Macaulay, Thomas Babington. "Criticisms on the Principal Italian Writers" [No. I. Dante]. See Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Manca, Marie. "Man and the Unknown." In Italian Quarterly, XII, Nos. 47-48 (Winter-Spring), 161-183. [1969]

Relating the canto of the diviners (Inf: XX) to that of Ulysses (Inf: XXVI), the author contends that, while their respective punishments differ, their sin, the willful misuse of the intellect or fraud, is more than only generally similar in nature. She submits that, however guiltless in their concern with the mystery of human existence, both Ulysses and the diviners are condemned in Dante's eyes because of their transgression against the basic human virtue or disposition that renders that existence bearable: social piety and love. Unlike Ulysses and the diviners, whose quest for superior knowledge divides them from society, Dante himself seeks and finds the Truth by his experience of society in its fullest possible sense through his journey from Hell to Paradise. The author finds her reading of the two cantos less contradictory for certain details and more consistent with the general spirit of the Commedia as a whole.

Mayer, Sharon E. "Dante's Alchemists." In Italian Quarterly, XII, Nos. 47-48 (Winter-Spring), 185-200. [1969]

Distinguishes various aspects of the theory and practice of alchemy from an historical standpoint in order to clarify that the actual crime of Dante's alchemists like Griffolino and Capocchio in Inf. XXIX-XXX was the knowing falsification of metals, classified by the poet according to Thomas Aquinas' discussion of "cheating" in the Summa Theologica. For the hitherto inadequately glossed punishment of putrefying flesh and violent itch, in turn, the author finds the explanation, in terms of contrapasso, in the Aristotelian theory on which was based the alchemists' quest for the "philosopher's stone" or elixir of life, namely, that all substances are but the actualizations of one primary matter. St. Thomas also postulates a "celestial virtue" necessary for achieving any true transformation in alchemy. Accordingly, putrefaction of the substance to be transformed was the first step in the alchemical process, before the process of revivification or resurrection could occur. Furthermore, a connection between the theory of humors and the theory of metals was yet another aspect of the chemical vitalism of the medieval alchemist. Thus, Dante has fashioned the punishment of the alchemists and their companions of the tenth bolgia in terms of the first stage of alchemical transformation, i.e., putrefaction, without, however, any hope of regeneration to complete the process.

Miller, Stephen. "Dante: Florence and the Politics of Rome." In Italia Quarterly, XII, Nos. 47-48 (Winter-Spring), 201-221. [1969]

Discusses the importance for Dante of the Roman political order, described by Virgil in the Aeneid, as the means for healing the sick polis of Florence. Dante's concern about the "vera città" that his native city might be is reflected in his dramatic encounters with "Roman" types and "Fiesolans" (i.e., un-Roman types), especially in the episodes of Ciacco (Inf: VI), Farinata (Inf. X), Brunetto Latini (Inf: XV), and Cacciaguida (Par. XV-XVII).

Montano, Rocco. "Schema di una storia della poesia di Dante." In Convivium, XXXVII, 257-292 and 385-413. [1969]

Lamenting that despite a constant stream of publications devoted to Dante many basic questions, such as when the Commedia was written, what was Dante's motivation in writing it, how his religious and political views may have changed in the course of his literary production, what was the nature of his Christianity, have gone essentially unanswered, if considered at all, since the last century, Professor Montano here offers a brief sketch of the genesis of Dante's poetry viewed from the standpoint of its cultural matrix and in the light of the crisis in Western Christian culture brought on by the advent of Aristotelianism in the second half of the 13th century. The Commedia represents the acme of the Gothic world, and the modern reader, for whom that medieval world is no more, must make a spiritual pilgrimage to Dante's time and see things with his eyes and with his artistic and religious sensibilities, in order to understand the multifarious aspects of his masterpiece, which, despite its medieval intellectualism and Gothic structure, reflects the poet's successful liberation from medieval allegorism, rhetoric, and abstraction, in favor of Christian realism and concrete representation of the human world.

Musa, Mark. "Advent at the Gates." In Poetic Theory/Poetic Practice. Papers of the Midwest Modern Language Association, No. I, 85-93. [1969]

While others have pointed out the similarity between Inferno IX, 61-63, and Purgatorio VIII, 19-21, Professor Musa detects a deeper parallelism in the two passages, contending that they both refer to what is about to happen. The occurrences in question, the coming of the Angel dry-shod across the waters of Hell and the coming of the guardian Angels across the Valley of the Princes in Purgatory to ward off the Serpent, are seen to signify, respectively, the First Advent of Christ and the Second Advent (which latter occurs repeatedly in the hearts of the elect), as treated in Saint Bernard's sermons on Advent. These two occurrences, taken together with the Third (and final) Advent of Christ to judge at the Resurrection, as dramatized by Beatrice's coming in the pageant in Purgatorio XXX, constitute one of the larger patterns built into the Comedy by Dante, in this case to remind us triply of Christ's three Advents.

Norton, Charles Eliot. "From 'The New Life' of Dante." See Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Orr, Mary A. (Mrs. John Evershed). Dante and the Early Astronomers. With an introduction by Barbara Reynolds. Port Washington, N. Y.: Kennikat Press. 359 p. illus. 23 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1956 edition (London: Allan Wingate), which was also reprinted in 1961 (New York: Hillary House). (See 80th Report, 31.) The work was originally published in 1913 (London and Edinburgh: Gall and Inglis).

Orvieto, Enzo. "Castel della Pieve e l'esilio di Dante." In Dante Studies, LXXXII, 127-138. [1969]

Challenges the wording of a commemorative plaque located at Castel della Pieve in 1965 and the contents of a related article; and reconstructs the true sequence of events, especially the secret itinerary of Charles of Valois from Rome to Florence, who had been commissioned as a "peace-maker" by Boniface VIII, but in actuality was part of a plot to gain unopposed entry into Florence, overthrow the Whites, and restore the Blacks to power. These dire events, of course, eventually led also to Dante's exile.

Orvieto, Enzo. "Guido da Pisa e il commento inedito all Inferno dantesco: Le chiose al trentatreesimo canto." In Italica, XLVI, 17-32. [1969]

Presents biographical data on Guido da Pisa and information on the history of early Dante exegesis to show that Guido's unpublished commentary was finished by the end of 1328; and analyzes in particular Guido's glosses to canto XXXIII to show that his basically moralistic commentary is notable for its inclusion of extended classical episodes, detailed historical information, and well-argued defense of Dante as poet-theologian.

Page, Thomas Nelson. Dante and His Influence: Studies. Port Washington New York: Kennikat Press. xvi, 239 P. ports. 18 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the work, a series of lectures by the former U.S. ambassador to Italy (1913-1918) originally sponsored by the University of Virginia Florence Lathrop Page-Barbour Foundation and published in 1922 (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons). The author presents a brief sketch of Dante and his times, with certain considerations for which he deems him a great "Spiritual Educator" of enduring relevance. In nine chapters: Dante and His Time; Dante and Florence; Dante's Prose; Dante and Boccaccio, Petrarch, English Poets; the Divine Comedy; Dante and His Teaching; Dante's and Italian Nationality; Dante and Italian Aspiration; Dante the Master.

Pane, Remigio. (Joint compiler) "Italian Literature." [Section of the MLA International Bibliography ...] See Fucilla, Joseph G....

Papini, Giovanni. Dante Vivo. Translated from the Italian by Eleanor Hammond Broadus and Anna Benedetti. Port Washington, N. Y.: Kennikat Press. xiii, 340 p. illus., ports. 22 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1934 edition (London: L. Dickson, limited; also, an American edition, New York: Macmillan, 1935); first published in the original Italian in 1933 (Firenze: Libreria Editrice Fiorentina). The well-known, very personal work "by an artist about an artist, by a Catholic about a Catholic, by a Florentine about a Florentine," is cast in major sections treating of prolegomena, Dante's life, his soul, his work, and his subsequent fortunes, each subdivided into specific chapters.

Pellegrini, Anthony L. "American Dante Bibliography for 1968." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 153-187. [1969]

With brief analyses.

Perella, Nicolas James. The Kiss Sacred and Profane: An Interpretative History of Kiss Symbolism and Related Religio-Erotic Themes. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 356 P. illus., front. and plates. 24 cm. [1969]

A chapter on "Medieval Love Legends" contains sections on "Canto V of the Inferno," "Inferno V and the Tristan Legend," and "Purgatory and the Kiss of Peace" (pp. 140-157), in which Professor Perella offers a sensitive reading of the Paolo and Francesco episode, elaborates upon its connection with the Tristan legend, and draws a contrastive symmetry between the sinful kiss of Paolo and Francesca and the Christian holy kiss of peace exemplified in Purg. XXVI 31-33, occurring significantly, as they do, at the beginning and the end of Dante's punitive-purgative system. There is further substantial reference to Dante passim in the context of Professor Perella's general thesis in the book. Indexed.

Pézard, André. "Les Chemins de la physique (Questio de aqua et terra XX, 61)." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 89-102. [1969]

Partly on the basis of analogous locutions in Epistola V, 23, and Convivio II, i, 3, the author contends that Quaestio XX, 61 is textually corrupted and should read (with an addition in brackets to the present critical text): "ex notioribus nobis, nature vero minus notis, in certiora nature, et [nobis in]notiora...." He further justifies such a reading on syntactical and rhetorical as well as philosophical-scientific grounds. He also refers to the translation and transmission of Aristotle's writings in the Middle Ages and speculates on how corruptions in Dante's text arose in the manuscript tradition.

Reade, William H. V. The Moral System of Dante's Inferno. Port Washington, N. Y.: Kennikat Press. 445 p. 22 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1909 edition (Oxford: Clarendon Press). This well known work is an elaborate treatment in twenty-five chapters, in which Reade begins by rejecting the theories of Witte and Moore and then proceeds to trace in detail the various instances of penal classification and moral judgments in Dante's poem to Aristotle and to Thomas Aquinas; he also accounts for judgments that follow neither of these, as in the general classification of sins of Violence and Fraud according to Cicero.

Rizzo, Stefano. "Il De vulgari eloquentia e l'unità del pensiero linguistico di Dante." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 688. [1969]

Reviews critically the findings of previous commentators on Dante's linguistic ideas in the V.E., particularly those of D'Ovidio, Marigo, Nardi, Pagliaro, Richthofen, and Barberi-Squarotti, and on the basis of a careful re-examination of Dante's treatise submits answers to a number of related basic questions remaining yet unresolved. The nub of the author's argument is that, despite certain inevitable elements of religious dogmatism, Dante's speculations on language, as they developed between the Convivio and the V.E. and the Commedia, evince a basic unity and consistency and are admirably in keeping with modern linguistic science. For example, Dante defines language in terms of the communication of concepts between one reasoning being and another, but in the case of man this is effected through sensible means (i.e. sound) because of the limitation of human corporality. Mr. Rizzo goes on to explain how something so precious as words was properly first used by Adam to praise God in the primal, perfect language. And he finds it perfectly consistent with his linguistic thought that Dante should have changed the name for God attributed to Adam from "El" in the V.E. to "I" (as a unity and more appropriate symbol of unity) in the Commedia (Par. XXVI, 123-137). Dante was now simply recognizing the "El" of Scripture as an historical element and Hebrew itself as not a divine language, but an historical and therefore corruptible language. Regarding the language used by Virgil in the Commedia, Mr. Rizzo contends that Virgil, as symbol of salvation through reason, communicates directly through reason (rather than sensible signs--sound) with other characters in the poem, including even the Greek Ulysses, with the sole exception of Nimrod whom no one can understand in his irrationality anyway. According to Dante's theory of linguistic change, moreover, with the Tower of Babel man lost his original power of communicating directly by means of the primal universal and divine language, and had to create his own language arbitrarily, which was therefore corruptible and variable in time and space. Lastly, Mr. Rizzo sees as completely consistent with Dante's developing linguistic thought his claim of superiority for the vernacular in the V.E. (changed from Latin in the Convivio) and his ideas about the volgare illustre. In terms of Dante's scale of linguistic values, the volgare is of analogous pleasantness as Adam's primal language because it is learned naturally and effortlessly in childhood (in contrast to an artificial language like Latin, requiring hard study); and the volgare illustre would be analogous in universality and utility by virtue of being geographically diffused throughout Italy as a common denominator of the vernacular, bound to no one regional idiom, and by virtue of its historical utility in being sufficiently codified to serve as depository of a literary tradition.

Rossetti, Maria Francesca. A Shadow of Dante, Being an Essay towards Studying Himself His World, and His Pilgrimage. Port Washington, N. Y.: Kennikat Press. ix, 294 p. illus., port. 20 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1901 edition (London, New York, [etc.]: Longmans, Green, and Company); first published in 1871 (London, Oxford, and Cambridge: Rivingtons). Contents: Prefatory and Introductory; Dante's Universe; Dante's Life-Experience; The Wood, and the Apparition of Virgil; The Hell; Dante's Pilgrimage through Hell; The Purgatory; Dante's Pilgrimage through Purgatory; The Garden of Eden, and the Descent of Beatrice; The Paradise; Dante's Pilgrimage through Paradise. Numerous selections from Dante's works are cited in translations by W. M. Rossetti, Longfellow, etc.

Ruskin, John. "Mediaeval Landscape and Dante." See Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Sayers, Dorothy L. Christian Letters to a Post-Christian World: A Selection of Essays. Selected and edited by Roderick Jellema. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. xiii, 236 P. illus., port. 2.5 cm. [1969]

Contains an essay on "Dante and Charles Williams" (pp. 159-177), in which Miss Sayers discusses Charles Williams' literary work and criticism in relation to Dante and, pointing out that both historical and interpretative criticism, though valuable in themselves, unfortunately "dispense us from any obligation to take the poet's meaning seriously," contends that Dante has had too few of the "poet's critic," like Williams, who bases his approach on the "Christian imagination" and poetic truth (vs. scientific truth) and thus recognizes the contemporaneity of all poets, the timelessness of their meaning. The essay was originally delivered as a lecture in 1955 under the title "Charles Williams: A Poet's Critic" and subsequently published in a posthumous volume of essays, The Poetry of Search and the Poetry of Statement . . . London: Victor Gollancz, 1963).

Sayers, Dorothy L. Introductory Papers on Dante. With a preface by Barbara Reynolds. New York: Barnes and Noble. xix, 225 p. 22 cm. [1969]

Originally published in 1954 (London: Methuen; also, New York: Harper and Brothers). (See 74th Report, 61.)

Scott, J. A. "A New Edition of Dante's Lyric Poetry." In Romance Philology, XXII, 581-600. [1969]

Review-article on Dante's Lyric Poetry, edited, translated, and annotated by Kenelm Foster and Patrick Boyde, 2 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1967). (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 154, and see below, under Reviews.)

Sheldon, E. S., and A. C. White, compilers. Concordanza delle opere italiane in prosa e del canzoniere di Dante Alighieri, together with the Supplementary Concordance to the Minor Italian Works of Dante [Compiled by Lewis H. Gordon. New York: Russell and Russell]. viii, 740; xviii, 38 p. 25 cm. [1969]

These two well-known concordances, here bound together, are reprints of the original editions of 1905 (Oxford: Oxford University Press) and 1936 (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press), respectively. Both concordances were sponsored by the Dante Society, Cambridge, Massachusetts. They have not been revised, nor yet superseded.

Sturm, Sara. "Credibility in the Commedia: Paradiso I." In Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 139-145. [1969]

Submits that in the pilgrim Dante's ascent from the Earthly Paradise to Heaven the poet succeeds in maintaining "credibility" in the fiction of the journey, which is so vital for sustaining all other levels of meaning in the Comedy, by the careful avoidance of direct statement and by a technique of distractions. The wondrous ascent is reported after the fact by Beatrice, not by Dante himself, in answer to the surprised questioning of the pilgrim, who does not realize what is happening. Thus, having been distracted at the moment of greatest strain on credibility, once this critical point of the "unbelievable take off" is passed, the reader is again on Dante's terms in the fictive journey.

Wharton, Thomas. "Dante's Italian Poem." See Corrigan, Beatrice, editor. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859. [1969]

Wolf, Hope Nash. "A Study of Dante's Distance from the Creatures of Cantos Twenty-One and Two of the Inferno and Its Relation to the Use of Animals in Preceding Cantos." In Italian Quarterly, XII, Nos. 47-48 ( Winter-Spring), 239-251. [1969]

Examining Dante's changing attitude towards the denizens of Hell, the author discerns a basic change at the edge of the Seventh Circle from an attitude of comparative sympathy, at times even admiration, to one of moral superiority and distance in the subsequent circles. The emotional claim upon him, with the exception of fear, is significantly lessened. However, among the farcical antics of the demons in Cantos XXI-XXII, suggestive of certain medieval miracle-plays, distance is markedly reduced as he falls into a light, playful mood. As an abrupt change in level occurs here, enhanced by the fact that these bestial demons act like persons as they go seriously about their allotted business, both Dante and Virgil are momentarily duped, until, under sudden fear, they escape this fiendish world. The wayfarer's very nearly becoming ensnared in the demons' antics reflects the nature of the sin of graft itself. It is recollection of the fable of the frog, mouse, and kite (the general outlines of which are anticipated by earlier animal imagery) that brings him back to his senses, and distance is regained. The animal-like demons and their victims are meanwhile reduced again to the ranks of comic beasts of fable or riotous characters of staged farce, with their infernal limitations reaffirmed.

Wyld, M. Alice. The Dread Inferno: Notes for Beginners in the Study of Dante. Port Washington, N. Y.: Kennikat Press. vii, 198 p. illus. 18 cm. [1969]

Reprint of the 1904 edition (London, New York, and Bombay: Longmans, Green, and Company). General introduction to the poet.

Yokelson, Joseph B. "A Dante-Parallel in Hemingway's 'A Way You'll Never Be."' In American Literature, XLI, 279-280. [1969]

Cites a further instance of Hemingway's indirect use of Dantean elements evinced by a Charon-like figure and infernal landscape in the short story, "A Way You'll Never Be," suggesting that Hemingway was less an "unlettered primitive" than is commonly believed.

Dante. La Commedia, secondo l'antica vulgata. A cura di Giorgio Petrocchi. Milano: Mondadori, 1966-67.4 vols. (I. Introduzione; II. Inferno; III. Purgatorio; IV. Paradiso.) (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 153, under G. A. Vergani, and 154.) Reviewed by:

Luisa Vergani, in Italica, XLVI, 191-193.

Dante. Dante's Inferno. Bilingual edition. With translations broadcast in the BBC Third Programme. Edited by Terence Tiller. New York: Schocken Books, 1967. Also, London: British Broadcasting Corporation, 1966. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 137-138, and LXXXVII, 174.) Reviewed by:

[Anon.], in Book Review Digest, LXV, 320;

J. A. Scott, in Modern Language Review, LXIV, 189-190.

Dante. Dante's Lyric Poetry. Edited, translated, and annotated by Kenelm Foster and Patrick Boyde. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967. 2 vols. (I. The Poems; II. Commentary.) (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 154.) Reviewed by:

Paolo Cherchi, in Modern Philology, LXVI, 356-358;

Colin Hardie, in Modern Language Notes, LXXXIV, no. I (Jan.), 120-127;

Nicolae Iliescu, in Speculum, XLIV, 280-282.

Annali dell'Istituto di Studi Danteschi (Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano), Vol. I (1967). xliv, 465 p. This initial volume contains Pope Paul VI's apostolic letter, "Altissimi cantus," with Italian translation, and eleven Dante studies by E. Bettoni, E. Guidubaldi, A. Picchi, M. Apollonio, E. Travi, I. Viola, C. Fumagalli, M. Casu, C. Frisia, A. Mazza, and G. Piccioli. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 147-151.) Reviewed by:

Howard Needler, in Italica, XLVI, 439-443.

Baron, Hans. The Crisis of the Early Italian Renaissance: Civic Humanism and Republican Liberty in an Age of Classicism and Tyranny. Revised one-volume edition, with an epilogue. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1966. Includes important references to Dante. (See Dante Studies, LXXXV, 97 and 114, and LXXXVII, 174.) Reviewed by:

Bernhard König, in Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie, LXXXV, Heft 1-2, 319-321.

Bergin, Thomas G. Perspectives on the Divine Comedy. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1967. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 139-140, and LXXXVII, 174.) Reviewed by:

Aldo S. Bernardo, in Speculum, XLIV, 111-115.

Bergin, Thomas G., ed. From Time to Eternity: Essays on Dante's Divine Comedy. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1967. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 140 and 154-155.) Reviewed by:

Aldo S. Bernardo, in Speculum, XLIV, 111-115;

Jerome Mazzaro, in Forum Italicum, III, 475-477.

Bernardo, Aldo S., and Anthony L. Pellegrini. A Critical Study Guide to Dante's Divine Comedy. Totowa, N. J., and Los Angeles: Littlefield, Adams and Co., 1968. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 140, and LXXXVII, 154-155.) Reviewed by:

I. A. Portner, in Italica, XLVI, 329-331.

Branca, Vittore, and Giorgio Padoan, eds. Dante e la cultura veneta. Atti del Convegno di Studi . . . (Venezia, Padova, Verona, 30 marzo-5 aprile 1966). Firenze: Leo S. Olschki, 1966. (Comitato Nazionale per le Celebrazioni del VII Centenario della Nascita di Dante. Vol. IX.) Reviewed by:

Benito Brancaforte in Italica, XLVI, 73-75.

Charity, A. C. Events and Their Afterlife: The Dialectics of Christian Typology in the Bible and Dante. Cambridge, England: University Press, 1966. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 155.) Reviewed by:

John Mahoney, in Romanic Review, LX, 189-190.

Corrigan, Beatrice, ed. Italian Poets and English Critics, 1755-1859: A Collection of Critical Essays. Edited and with an introduction by Beatrice Corrigan. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. (See above, under Studies.) Reviewed by:

Karl Kroeber, in Italian Quarterly, XIII, no. 49 (Summer), 91-92.

Cosbuc, George. Comentariu la Divina Comedie. Bucharest: Editura Pentru Literatura, 1963-65. 2 vols. (I. Tavola Tonda; II. La Gente Sotto Larve.) Reviewed by:

Nicolae Iliescu, in Speculum, XLIV, 120-122.

Dante Alighieri: Estudios reunidos en conmemoración del VII centenario le su nacimiento (1265-1965). Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Fac. de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Dep. de Letras. Trabajos, comunicaciones y conferencias, VII (1966). Reviewed by:

Rodolfo Brändli, in Romance Philology, XXIII, 258-259.

Dronke, Peter. The Medieval Lyric. New York: Harper and Row. (The Perennial Library, p 152.) See above, under Studies. Reviewed by:

J. C. Payen, in Medium Aevum, XXXVIII, 193-195.

Giamatti, A. Bartlett. The Earthly Paradise and the Renaissance Epic. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1966. (See Dante Studies, LXXXV, 103, and LXXXVI, 156, and see above, under Studies.) Reviewed by:

Louise George Clubb, in Romance Philology, XXII, 650-654;

Michael N. Nagler, in Comparative Literature, XXI, 377-379;

B. Rajan, in Modern Language Review, LXIV, 125-126.

Goldmann, Hans, August Buck, Josef Déer, Siegfied Heinimann, and Adolfo Jenni. Dante Alighieri, 1265-1321: Vorträge an der Universität Bern zur Feier seines 700. Geburtstages. Bern: Verlag Paul Haupt, 1966. (Berner Universitätsschriften, No. 15.) Reviewed by:

Rodolfo Brändli, in Romance Philology, XXIII, 258-259.

Grant, W. Leonard. Neo-Latin Literature and the Pastoral. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1965. (See Dante Studies, LXXXV, 116 and 119, and LXXXVI, 156.) Reviewed by:

Aldo D. Scaglione, in Romance Philology, XXIII, 244-246.

Lewis, C. S. The Discarded Image: An Introduction to Medieval and Renaissance Literature. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1964. Contains reference to Dante passim. See Dante Studies, LXXXIV, 107 and 113.) Reviewed by:

Aldo D. Scaglione, in Romance Philology, XXII, 327-329.

Melzi, Robert C. Castelvetro's Annotations to the Inferno: A New Perspective in Sixteenth Century Criticism. The Hague; Paris: Mouton, 1966. (See Dante Studies, LXXXV, 108, and LXXXVII, 176-177.) Reviewed by:

Baxter Hathaway, in Romanic Review, LX, 62-63;

R. Weiss, in Medium Aevum, XXXVIII, 327.

Pipa, Arshi. Montale and Dante. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1968. See Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 167.) Reviewed by:

Glauco Cambon, in Italian Quarterly, XIII, no. 49 (Summer), 87-91.

Schettino, Franca, ed. A Dante Profile. Los Angeles: University of Southern California Press, 1967. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 149-150.) Reviewed by:

[Anon.], in Speculum, XLI, 337;

Antonio Stäuble, in Bibliothèque d'Humanisme et Renaissance, XXXI, 227-228.

Toynbee, Paget. A Dictionary of Proper Names and Notable Matters in the Works of Dante. Revised by Charles S. Singleton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 172-173.) Reviewed by:

Patrick Boyde, in Italian Studies, XXIV, 116-118;

Kenelm Foster, O.P., in Medium Aevum, XXXVIII, 77-80;

C. Godi, in Aevum, XLIII, 172-173.

[Inferno.] Peklo. Prelo Karol Strme . Ilustroval Jozef G. Cincík. Úvodnú štúdiu napísal prof. Arturo Cronia Cleveland-Roma-München: [Slovenský Ustav], 1965. 287 p. illus. 24 cm.

Slovak translation of the Inferno by Karol Strmen, with an introductory study by Arturo Cronia, "Dante u Slovákov" (translated from the original Italian by Milan Stanislav Durica).

Becker, Marvin B. Florence in Transition. I: The Decline of the Commune. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, [1967].263 p.23 cm.

The initial chapter in particular, on "The Communal Paideia and the Emerging Humanism of the Early Trecento" (pp. 11-64) includes considerable discussion of Dante's position, his works and reputation in the historical cultural context of his times, which marked a critical transition from the old medieval polis and communal paideia. Indexed.

Bergin, Thomas G. "Dante." In Yale Review, LV, No. I (Autumn 1965), 86. A commemorative sonnet to the Florentine poet.

Bergin, Thomas G. "Italian Literature." In Modern Literature, Vol. II: Italian, Spanish, German, Russian and Oriental Literature, edited by Victor Lange (The Princeton Studies: Humanistic Scholarship in America; Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey Prentice-Hall, 1968), pp. 1-64.

Presents a selective critical-bibliographical chronicle of American scholarship in the field of Italian literature and linguistics, particularly Dante, between 1921 and 1965. Professor Bergin notes the increasing volume and significance of American contributions during this period.

Cantarino, Vincent. "Dante and Islam: Theory of Light in the Paradiso." In Kentucky Romance Quarterly, XV (1968--i.e., 1970), 3-35.

Examines in the light-metaphysics tradition the sources of Dante's philosophical notions on light, love, and beauty as they function symbolically and ontologically in the Paradiso. In the ontological structure of the spiritual and material world, God is Light, and Dante's use of Light in the Paradiso constitutes an "anatomy of Light," involving an aesthetic and allegorical application of metaphysical patterns. Accepting Ibn Sina's (Avicenna's) distinctions and definitions of Light--luce, raggio, splendore--current in his time, Dante used light both aesthetically (in allegories and metaphors) as splendore and metaphysically as luce, raggio, in three different manifestations of one philosophical scheme. First, Light as the manifestation of God and His creative act and creative illumination gives life and potency to the universe. "The creative aspect of Light is its Will, reason and ultimate cause of all reality." Secondly, when the Cosmos is considered teleologically, in contrast to the centrifugal force of Light's creative Will there is the centripetal force of Light as object of love, sommo bene, in a kind of reversal of the process of the creative act. The third aspect of Light represents the poet's mystical participation in Vision and Love under Light's illumination, whereby Dante through his mystical experience follows the path of spiritual return to God, the primal Light or Man's ultimate destiny. Although these three aspects of Dante's conception of light embrace the neoplatonic doctrines of emanation, the poet's theory of Light cannot be interpreted as merely Augustinian interpretation of neoplatonism, nor as the result of a homogeneous development of a Christian neoplatonic philosophy. Distinguishing between Christian esoterism (allegorical stream of thought, as in biblical exegesis) and Arabic esoterism (philosophical) in the neoplatonic syncretism where Light and Emanation are concerned, Professor Cantarino stresses that only after the establishment of contact with Arabic and Jewish neoplatonic philosophy was Light used to express a metaphysical or ontological theory. There are contributors to the medieval synthesis from the 9th century on, thanks to Porphyry's commentary on Plotinus' Enneads and to Arabic and Jewish thinkers like al-Kindi, al-Farabi, and Ibn Sina (Avicenna) and the school of Ibn Masarra, Isaac ben Salomon Israeli, and Solomon Ibn Gabirol Avicenbron). Some of the basic ideas developed and transmitted by Jewish-Arabic neoplatonic philosophers are: Light is a name, but not a symbol; Light is the Divine itself; Light is the genetic power of all Being; Light is the name for the primal energy which is the basis of existence. The penetration of neoplatonism from Arabic and Jewish sources in medieval thought by Dante's time can be seen in Bartolomeo da Bologna's De luce (1280)--a Christian adaptation of neoplatonic pantheistic theory of Light as an ontological reality, which is a compendium of the doctrines we find in systematic form in Dante's Convivio (II and III) and in mystic form in the Paradiso. Christian Light metaphysics, the author concludes, is essentially a literary, mystical, and philosophical compromise.

Carozza, Davy. "Dante's Art through the Transformation of the Sources." In Kentucky Foreign Language Quarterly, XIII, Supplement (1967), pp. 113-121.

Illustrates from selected examples in the Commedia how Dante skillfully modifies passages from such sources as Virgil, Ovid, Orosius, and Augustine into the dynamic, realistic, and verbally effective form so peculiarly his own.

Costanzo, Joseph F. "The De Monarchia of Dante Alighieri." In Thought, XLIII, No. 168 (Spring 1968), 87-126.

Remarks the continuing importance of Dante's De Monarchia and presents a textual analysis and exegesis of the work in the light of modem criticism. Regarding the problematical final chapter (III 16), Professor Costanzo stresses that Dante was a poet, not a professional philosopher or theologian, and that, if the passage is indeed genuine, it can be construed to mean that "Dante would have been amenable to a non-coercive influence of the pope in temporals of the sort defined by John of Paris (De potestate regia et papali) as directive magisterial jurisdiction." Thus placed between total subjection and absolute separation where the temporal and spiritual powers are concerned, Dante would be spared from the charge of separatist dualism leveled at him since the contemporary Guido Vernani (Tractatus de reprobatione "Monarchiae") and reiterated more recently by Nardi, Gilson, and D'Entrèves. (In an appendix, the author argues in more detail against the Gilson position.) While recognizing that certain postulates of the De Monarchia are no longer acceptable, Professor Costanzo underscores Dante's unshakeable faith in the basic reasonableness of man and his conviction that man can fashion the course of history, without which we could hardly entertain the ultimate attainability of peace, justice, and human progress.

Davis, Charles T. "Il buon tempo antico." In Florentine Studies: Politics and Society in Renaissance Florence, edited by Nicolai Rubenstein (Evanston Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1968), pp. 45-69.

Studies the origins of the buon tempo antico concept in early Florentine historiography and finds that this moralistic idea of the "good old days" of virtue and simple living, created by a poet, Dante, adapted by a chronicler Villani, and reiterated weakly and briefly by two compilers, was really alien to the spirit of wealth and ambition characteristic of Florence and her early historians.

De Sua, William J. "Dante into English. In Dissertation Abstracts, XXV (1964), 2487-2488.

This dissertation was published in book form, as Dante into English: A Study of the Translation of the Divine Comedy in Britain and America, in 1964 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press). For a description, see 83rd Report, 52. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan, 1963.)

Dinsmore, Charles Allen. The Great Poets and the Meaning of Life. Freeport, N. Y.: Books for Libraries Press, [1968]. x, 251 p. 22 cm. (Essay Index Reprint Series.)

Reprint of the 1937 edition (Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin Company). Recognizing the morally edifying dimensions of great poetic works, as with religion, the author pursues his theme of the great poets who by their superior illumination are the great teachers of supreme truths and the unifiers of humanity in the common tradition. In this context, he devotes a chapter to "Dante: The Supreme Poet of Christianity" (pp. 129-154), along with chapters on Homer, Aeschylus, Lucretius, Virgil, and Shakespeare.

Eskin, Stanley G. "The Literary Shape of Political Themes in Dante's Comedy." In Cesare Barbieri Courier, IX, no. 2 (1967), 7-11.

Contends that Dante incorporates in the Comedy a static political ideal of Empire as a platform from which to fulminate against its obstructors and to focus attention on contemporary political ills. His satiric indignation finds rich and varied literary expression, but as with the later Utopians More and Swift, the political dimension is presented not so much as a means of solving human problems as of exposing human failings.

Flaxman, John. Flaxman Designs for Dante: Inferno, Purgatorio, Paradiso Edited by Bill Tate. [Truchas, New Mexico:] Tate Gallery, [1968]. 83 p. 34 illus., facsim. 29 cm.

Contains Flaxman's illustrations reproduced from an 1877 edition of Dante's Commedia, together with selections englished in verse by Ichabod Charles Wright.

Fletcher, Jefferson Butler. The Religion of Beauty in Woman, and Other Essays on Platonic Love and Society. New York: Haskell House, 1966. xi, 205 p. 22 cm.

Originally published in 1911 (New York: Macmillan). Contains two Dantean essays: (1) "Dante and Beatrice: A Variety of Religious Experience" (pp. 30-52), in which the author discusses the natural development of Dante's childhood love into a religious experience, as recorded in the Vita Nuova and Commedia; and (2) "The Oracle of Love in the Twelfth Chapter of La Vita Nuova" (pp. 53-66), in which Love's analogy to the circle figure is related to the fourth grade of self-purgation and justice in the soul or moral perfection, paralleled by Saint Augustine's symbolic use of the circle in the De quantitate animae. There is also substantial reference to Dante in the essay on "The Philosophy of Love of Guido Cavalcanti" (pp. 67-108). "The Oracle of Love . . ." was reprinted from the Nation, LXXXIX (1909), 595-596; the piece on Cavalcanti's philosophy of love, from the 22nd Annual Report of the Dante Society (1903, i.e., 1904), pp. 9-35.

Fox, Charles Franklin. "Dante's Persuasive Intent in the Commedia." In Dissertation Abstracts, XXVIII (1967-68), 2366A-2367A.

Distinguishes between the poetic and the rhetorical aspects of the Commedia and also between the didactic and the persuasive intent of the author, and contends that because of his "masterfully persuasive discourse" Dante merits a position as rhetorician equal to his lofty position as poet. (Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, 1967.)

Fucilla, Joseph G. Forgotten Danteiana: A Bibliographical Supplement. New York: AMS Press, 1968. iv, 52 p.

Originally published in 1939 (Cambridge, Mass.: The Dante Society; also, as Northwestern University Studies in the Humanities, No. 5, Evanston and Chicago, Illinois: Northwestern University). This "attempt to keep a record of Dante studies from 1920 on . . . to supplement Fowler's additions to the . . . Cornell Dante collection" includes many older items overlooked by previous bibliographies. Contents: A List of the Bibliographies That Have Been Supplemented, Biographical and Critical Studies, Compositions Connected with Dante's Life or Works, and Translations and Imitations to the Year 1925.

Gardner, Edmund Garratt. Dante and the Mystics: A Study of the Mystical Aspect of the Divina Commedia and Its Relations with Some of its Mediaeval Sources. New York: Haskell House, 1968. XV, 357 P. illus., pls. 23.5 cm.

Reprint of the 1913 edition (London: J. M. Dent and Sons; New York: E. P. Dutton and Co.). For another reprint edition and full description, see Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 159-160.

Goldstein, Melvin. "Spenser and Dante: Two Pictorial Representations of Evil."In Journal of Aesthetic Education, II, no. 3 (July 1968), 121-129.

Comparing the dragon as an image of evil in Faerie Queene I, xi, 1-6, and Inferno XXV, 49-78, the author finds that Spenser's representation is concrete, built up of visually detailed and objectified partial vignettes set off metrically by stanzas, while Dante's is abstract, cast as a visually indefinite continuous action enhanced, with a greater sense of immediacy for the reader, by the very verse form used.

Graziano, Eugene E. "The Hegelian Dante of William Torrey Harris." In Journal of the History of Philosophy, VI (1968), 167-170.

Outlines briefly the Hegelian interpretation of Dante's Commedia propounded by the 19th-century American philosopher W. T. Harris.

Helsinger, Howard. "Joyce and Dante." In ELH, XXXV (Dec. 1968), 591-605.

Examines James Joyce's attitude toward and use of his favorite author, Dante, who served him as a model of the articulate artist, intellectual, and critic at war with his society. For example, Stephen Dedalus is cast as an Irish Dante in Portrait of the Artist . . . in which occurs the puzzling phrase, "the spiritual heroic refrigerating apparatus, invented and patented in all countries by Dante Alighieri." In light of Joyce's other works, where he uses Dante as an alternative to the romantic, this seems to refer to a defense device for averting the personal and painful. Unlike Stephen (representing Joyce's youth) in Ulysses, Joyce succeeds "in unifying rather than confusing imagination and reality, and in refining the artist out of his work." In the end, while still esteeming Dante, Joyce recognized Shakespeare's greater warmth. In fact, Finnegans Wake, offering Joyce's final word on Dante, indicates that it is unDantean to be either humorous or amorous.

Lorch, Maristella de Panizza. "Dante-A Commentary upon Commentaries." In Romanic Review, LIX (1968), 296-305.

A review-article on Bruno Sandkühler, Die frühen Dantekommentare und ihr Verhältnis zur mittelalterlichen Kommentartradition (Münchner romanistische Arbeiten, Heft 19; München: Max Hueber, 1967).

Moore, Edward. Studies in Dante . . . [Series I-III] New York: Greenwood Press, [1968]. 3 V. (viii, 399; xiv, 386; xvi, 388 P.) 23 cm.

Reprint of the first three of the four-part series of Moore's well-known studies, originally issued as follows: I, 1896; II, 1899; III, 1903 (Oxford: Clarendon Press). Another reprint of all four series also appeared in 1968 (New York: Haskell House). For a complete description, see Dante Studies, LXXXVII, 164-165.

Orvieto, Enzo Umberto. "Guido da Pisa e il commento inedito all'Inferno dantesco: trascrizione ed analisi delle chiose ai canti primo e trentatreesimo." In Dissertation Abstracts, XXVIII (1967-68), 4184A-4185A.

The dissertation presents a biographical sketch of Guido da Pisa, brief history of the manuscripts, and a complete transcription and analysis of the exegesis on Inferno I and XXXIII of this yet unpublished Latin commentary, based on the two principal manuscripts in the Musée de Condé at Chantilly and in the British Museum. Mr. Orvieto's analysis points to a date between 1325 and 1330 for the work. In comparison with other early Dante commentators, Guido is distinguished particularly by his simplicity of style, generous use of the classics, wealth of historical detail, and well-argued personal observations and opinions. There is even a suggestion of aesthetic appreciation in the commentary, though Guido remains essentially within the limits of Thomistic philosophy. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1967.)

Roberts, J. Russell, Sr. "Dante's Humanistic Bias as Revealed in His View of His Art." In Proceedings of the Pacific Northwest Conference on Foreign Languages, XVIII (1967), 102-109.

Cites a number of passages from Dante's works to illustrate what he calls the poet's "humanistic bias"--he was firmly established in the classical tradition, he chose to write in the vernacular, he employed dramatic forms, he allowed of the sacred function of his own independent intellect alongside his Christian faith.

Scaglione, Aldo D. "Periodicità sintattica e flessibilità metrica nella Divina Commedia." In Sigma (Rome), No. 19 (Sept. 1968), 3-33.

Italian version of the author's study of periodic and metrical structures in the Commedia originally published in English as "Periodic Syntax and Flexible Meter in the Divina Commedia," in Romance Philology, XXI (1967), I-22 (see Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 149.)

Dante. The Divine Comedy . . . Translated into blank verse by Louis Biancolli. New York: Washington Square Press, 1966. (See Dante Studies, LXXXV, 96 and 114, and LXXXVII, 154.) Reviewed by:

G. P. Elliott, in Hudson Review, XX (Spring 1967), 137-150. (pp. 149-150).

Dante. The Comedy of Dante Alighieri. Translated into English unrhymed hendecasyllabic verse by Mary Prentice Lillie. San Francisco: The Grabhorn Press, 1958. (See 77th Report, 41-42, and 78th Report, 38.) Reviewed by:

G. P. Elliott, in Hudson Review, XX Spring 1967), 137-150 (pp- 149-150).

Dante. The New Life: La Vita Nuova. Translated with an introduction by William Anderson. Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1964. (See 83rd Report, 49.) Reviewed by:

G. P. Elliott, in Hudson Review, XX Spring 1967), 137-150 (pp. 149-150).

Dante. Dantis Alagherii Epistolae. Edited by Paget Toynbee and Colin Hardie. Second edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1967. (See Dante Studies, LXXXVI, 154.) Reviewed by:

J. A. Scott, in Modern Language Review, LXIII (1968), 489-490.

Annali dell'Istituto di Studi Danteschi, I (1967). (See above, main section, under Reviews.) Reviewed by:

Rocco Montano, in Umanesimo, II, no. 1-2 (marzo-giugno 1968), 139-143.

Arthos, John. Dante, Michelangelo and Milton. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul [also New York: Hillary House], 1963. (See 82nd Report, 47-48 and 56, Dante Studies, LXXXIV, 105 and 113, and LXXXVII, 178.) Reviewed by:

John Buxton, in Review of English Studies, XVI (1965), 198-199.

Auerbach, Erich. Literary Language and Its Public in Late Latin Antiquity and in the Middle Ages. Translated from the German by Ralph Manheim. New York: Pantheon Books, 1965. (See Dante Studies, LXXXIV, 75 and 106, and LXXXV, 114.) Reviewed by:

[Anon.], in Virginia Quarterly Review, XLI (1965), p. cxxx;

W. T. Avery, in Classical World, LIX (Nov. 1965), 93.

Bergin, Thomas G. Dante. New York: Orion Press, 1965. (See Dante Studies, LXXXIV, 76, LXXXV, 115, and LXXXVI, 154 and 163.) Reviewed by:

[Anon.], in Virginia Quarterly Review, XLI (1965), p. cxxx.

Bigongiari, Dino. Essays on Dante and Medieval Culture . . . Firenze: Leo S. Olschki, 1964. (See 83rd Report, 50-51, Dante Studies, LXXXIV, 106, LXXXV, 115, and LXXXVI, 163.) Reviewed by:

[Andrea Ciotti], in Convivium, XXXV (1967), 126.

Fisher, John H., ed. Medieval Literature of Western Europe: A Review of Research, Mainly 1930-1960. New York: New York University Press for the Modern Language Association of America, 1966. (See Dante Studies, LXXXV, 107, under Luciani.) Reviewed by:

A. A. Heathcote, Johanna H. Torringa, and R. M. Wilson, in Modern Language Review, LXIII (1968), 141-142.

Studi in onore di Italo Siciliano. [A cura di Alfredo Cavaliere.] Firenze: L. S. Olschki, 1966. 2 V. (xii, 1238 p.) port. 25 cm. (Biblioteca dell'Archivum Romanicum. Serie I: Storia, letteratura, paleografia, 86.) Contains five studies of Dantean interest by E. Balmas, V. Branca, G. Favati, A. Pagliaro, and A. Pézard. Reviewed by:

Peter F. Dembowski and Adelin Fiorato, in Modern Philology, LXVI (Nov-1968), 181-188.

Toynbee, Paget. A Dictionary of Proper Names and Notable Matters in the Works of Dante. Revised by Charles S. Singleton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968. (See above, main section under Reviews.) Reviewed by:

[Anon.], in Times Literary Supplement, 18 July 1968, p. 759.

State University of New York

Binghamton, New York